What Taxes Can Churches Withhold For Pastors?

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Thanks to the Tax Cuts & Jobs Act, people are paying a whole lot more attention to their tax withholdings this year. Employers had a hard time calculating withholdings with all the changes in the law and the result was far fewer people getting big tax returns (which I think is actually a good thing!) and more people owing. (Don’t get mad at the employers, though, no one really knew how it would all play out.)

So, with this renewed interest in tax withholding, I thought it would be a good time to go over how it all works for pastors. Because this is yet another area where it’s different for pastors than for everyone else. While some church employees do have to pay their taxes differently, the information in this article is only for pastors and does not apply to non-ministerial church workers.

Mandatory Withholdings

If you work a secular job, your employer withholds money from every one of your paychecks to cover federal income taxes, Medicare taxes, and Social Security taxes. They do it regardless of how you feel; you have no say in the matter. Because it’s the law.

Well, this is an area where pastors are truly above the law. Or at least they are an exception to the law. There is no mandatory withholding for pastors on those taxes. That means that your church is allowed to pay you all of the money you’ve earned, without sending some to the government first.

FICA/SECA (Payroll) Taxes

In fact, not only do they not have to withhold taxes, but churches aren’t allowed to withhold Social Security and Medicare taxes (also called FICA or payroll taxes). This is because pastors always have to pay those taxes under the SECA program (as opposed to FICA) as if they were self-employed. If a church withholds FICA taxes for a pastor, they are breaking the law and will mess up his or her records with the Social Security Administration. Neither of those are good things.

Let me say it again because there seems to be a lot of confusion about this. Ministers always pay under SECA, not FICA. You don’t have a choice in the matter, it’s the law.

Also, you don’t get to decide whether or not you want to be treated as a minister. The work you do and your ordination/licensure determine whether or not you are a minister. It is not your decision. You can’t just have your church treat you like a regular employee. It doesn’t work that way.

Federal Income Taxes  

The IRS is more flexible with income taxes. While pastors aren’t required to have income taxes withheld, you are allowed to. Why would you want your church to withhold taxes if it isn’t required? Because you have to pay the taxes yourself if you don’t.

Like the rest of us, you pastors have to pay federal income tax. And like the rest of us, if you don’t have an employer withholding those taxes on a regular basis then you have to pay quarterly estimated taxes four times a year. Either way, the government is getting your money. A lot of pastors simply find it easier to have their church handle it rather than doing it on their own.

Withholding Extra

While your church can’t withhold payroll taxes, it is common practice to have them withhold extra income taxes to cover the amount that you will owe in self-employment taxes. When you file your taxes at the end of the year, everything you owe gets lumped into one tax bill regardless of whether it is for income tax, self-employment taxes, or something else. So, if you owe $5,000 in self-employment taxes and your church withheld an extra $5,000 in federal income taxes, then it all evens out in the end and you don’t end up with a big bill on April 15.

To do this, you first need to estimate how much you will owe in taxes. And don’t forget about the housing allowance when you make your calculations. I found a great online calculator for estimating pastors’ taxes here.

The calculator will show you how much you would owe in federal, Social Security, Medicare, and state taxes each paycheck. It also gives a breakdown of how much to pay each quarter if you pay the taxes on your own. You can use the same information to adjust your withholdings with your church. Then they will withhold enough to cover your entire tax bill and you don’t have to make quarterly estimated payments.


If you’re a pastor, it’s important to understand the nuances of your tax situation, even if you find it incredibly boring. Get over it and be proactive. Taking a little bit of time to prepare at the beginning of the year can save you a huge headache and a big hit to your bank account come tax time. You’ll be glad you did.

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11 Reasons Your Kids Should Practice Entrepreneurship This Summer

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Here in the Pacific Northwest, it is strawberry season. For most of us, that means we get to chow down on juicy berries that make us avoid the bland store-bought strawberries for several months afterward. For my daughter, it means business. Literally, business.

The minute the signs go up for the U-pick strawberry field near our house she starts asking when she can sell strawberries. You see, rather than just eating them, she likes to pick them and then set up her own stand by the side of the road to resell them. Yes, that’s her in the picture above.

It’s funny because at 5 she doesn’t seem to really care about money. Until strawberry season. Then, it’s all about earning money.

I think it’s a good thing. There are a lot of important life skills and lessons she’s learning as she sits in that field selling her wares. I think every kid should experiment with entrepreneurship, whether it’s babysitting, selling berries, pressure washing sidewalks, or something else. Here are some of the benefits of childhood entrepreneurship that my daughter and I came up with:

Practice Math Skills

When customers see how old my daughter is, they always want to test her math skills. If it costs $4 and I give you $5, what’s the difference?

I can’t blame them, though, because I do the same thing. It’s a great chance for her to practice that math that she’s been learning all year in kindergarten. Kids of all ages get a chance to put their math into practice when working with money. It’s good for them to see that there’s more to math than just endless worksheets.

Learn To Count Money

Working with money also gives them a chance to practice counting it. This is especially good for younger children who still see no more value in a $20 bill than a $1 bill. If you throw some coins in there, then the lesson gets really good. My daughter said that it’s important to learn to count money because “when you’re older you need to know how much you have.” She’s got a point.

Develop People Skills

One of the things that even trips up adults is that in order to make money, you need to interact with people. Entrepreneurship is good for your people skills no matter what age you are. Several years ago a neighborhood boy came to my door soliciting pressure washing and I was so impressed with how professionally he spoke to me and explained his services that I hired him on the spot.

If your kids have the opportunity to learn to talk to adults and explain their goods or services, it will only benefit them in the years to come. My daughter is young, so she is just learning to not be shy and look at people when she speaks to them. Older kids will have to rise to a different level of communication and sophistication of people skills, which is good for them.

Face & Overcome Fears

This one is closely tied with the last one because a lot of kids (and adults) are afraid of talking to people. But, like I said, in order to earn money you have to face your fears and interact with people. My daughter was a great example of this last year.

All spring she was scared to death of bees and wouldn’t look at or talk to anyone, even our next door neighbor whom she loves. However, when strawberry season came around, she spent hours sitting in a field full of bees and talking to strangers. I was so impressed with how she rose to the challenge and overcame her fears. Sometimes I wish I could be more like her.

Experience The Relationship Between Money & Work

Second Thessalonians 3:10 says that if you don’t work, you don’t eat. The concept that nothing is free and you have to expend effort in order to get a reward is being lost in our current culture. To me, the most appalling part of the Green New Deal that is being floated around is that they demand a living wage for anyone who is unable or unwilling to work. Yes, you should receive a living wage for doing nothing even if you’re perfectly able to work. Wouldn’t that be wonderful?

Unfortunately for some, the real world doesn’t work that way. If you want something, you have to work for it. There is a relationship between work and money and the sooner our kids can learn that the better our entire society will be.

Learn How Business Works

I studied business in school, so I’m a little biased, but I think everyone should learn about business. If you have a young adult going off to college that doesn’t know what he or she wants to study, have them study business. It is applicable to anything you do in life.

Going to work in a bank? You need to understand business. Going to be a professional artist? You’ll really need to understand business. Going to be a pastor? A lot of business principles still apply in the church (accounting, anyone?) even if some of your motivations differ.

Setting up their own little business will give kids hands-on experience with how business works. My daughter has learned that in order to make money, you need to have something (a good or service) that people want enough to pay money for it. To get that good or service you will need to either work hard for it or buy it. And then to make a profit, you need to charge more for it than it cost you.

This knowledge will help her later in life when she starts getting credit card offers in the mail. No, being pre-approved is not a special privilege because you are spectacular and unique. They are trying to sell you their product, a credit card, because statistics show that they will probably make money off of you. Lots of money.

Understand Economic Systems

As I mentioned above, you can’t sell a good or service if no one wants it. There has to be a demand for your product. And you can’t just charge anything you want. My daughter would have loved to have charged $50 a pint for her strawberries, but then no one would have bought any. She’s not that cute.

Supply and demand are basic economic principles that can sometimes be hard for kids to wrap their minds around until they live them out. Starting a business is an excellent way for kids to learn about economic systems by living them.

Learn To Tithe

My daughter can be incredibly generous most of the time, but not always. Every once in a while it’s like running into a brick wall and there’s no way around it, she simply won’t let go. When I brought up tithing in that field as we waited for customers I ran into the brick wall.

I had to use my entire Bible college education to try to persuade her that it’s worthwhile to give God 10%. It’s incredibly painful for her to think of parting with $3 of her hard-earned money but it will only get harder as she gets older and earns more and more. I think it’s very important to teach children generosity and tithing at a young age and the best way to do that is for them to start earning their own money.

Improve Prayer Life

When we were near the end of our berries and there were no customers coming, my daughter resorted to prayer. It was adorable to see her praying to God and asking him to send us customers. I think she was also trying to make a deal where her tithe was contingent on him sending customers, but hey, at least she’s starting on the right foot.

It may sound silly, but having their own business can be really good for your kids’ prayer life. Just try it and see.

Earn Money

Here’s the most obvious benefit: your kids can earn money if they start a business. Money to pay for Pokemon cards, ice cream cones, trips to the water park, and summer camp. The more money they earn, the less money will be coming out of your pocket. It’s a win-win for everyone.

When I asked my daughter why it’s good for kids to earn money, her response was, “To buy your own toys or when you’re older a phone so someone doesn’t have to give it to you for your birthday.” Kids’ activities and desires can be expensive and it’s good for them to learn to work for what they want.

Start A Roth IRA

Finally, if your kids earn their own money then you can open Roth IRAs for them. Anyone with earned income, regardless of age, can open a Roth IRA and contribute the lesser of their earned income or $6,000 in 2019. My daughter earned $33 selling berries last week so I’m going to put $33 of my own money into a Roth IRA for her.

Why would I do that? First of all, the sooner she starts investing, the longer her money has to grow. If all she ever invests is that $33, by the time she is 67 it will have grown to almost $7,000 if she can earn 9% returns (which is likely with her time horizon). I really don’t think she’ll use it for retirement, though. More likely she’ll use it to pay for college or buy her first house.

Contributions can be withdrawn from a Roth IRA at any time tax-and penalty-free. Also, once a Roth IRA has been open for 5 years, you can withdraw up to $10,000 of earnings to purchase your first home or take out money for qualified higher education expenses tax- and penalty-free. I think having her own investment account will also be a great teaching tool for her as she gets older, even if she doesn’t have much in it.



As you can see, there are a lot of benefits, both tangible and intangible, to your kids practicing entrepreneurship this summer. Perhaps more valuable to you than any of the above, it will also combat boredom. A kid who is out earning money is not moping around the house saying they are bored and annoying their siblings.

So, what are we waiting for? Let’s get these kids to work!

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Uncover Your Net Worth: A Step-By-Step Guide To Creating Your Own Personal Balance Sheet

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Do you know your net worth?

Do you know how to figure out your net worth?

Do you even care?

What Is Net Worth And Why Does It Matter?

Net worth is basically that which you’ve stored up here on earth. It’s the tangible things that you have to show for all your work.

I understand that it might seem funny, or even sacrilegious, to be discussing this with pastors. After all, doesn’t the Bible say to store up treasures in heaven and not here on earth? Well, yes, but it also says to learn from the animals that store up food for the winter.

I believe (and I think the Bible supports it) that it is wise to have some stores here on earth, but our focus should be on storing up treasures in heaven. And I don’t think anyone embodies that better than pastors. No one goes into the ministry for the money. But you still need money to live here on earth, especially in your golden years when you are unable to earn an income.

So, back to net worth. I think it is a good idea to calculate your net worth from time to time because it is useful for checking in on financial goals that you have set for yourself. Also, the trajectory of your net worth over time reveals a lot about what kind of steward you are of the resources God has entrusted to you.

How To Calculate Net Worth

Your net worth is a lot more than just the balance of your bank account. Your earthly treasures also include things like retirement accounts and the value of your house. But, wait, you don’t completely own that yet. How does your mortgage play into it? Or other debts, like student loans?

The basic net worth equation is:

Assets – Liabilities = Net Worth

Your assets are the things you own. Your liabilities are the things you owe. The difference is your net worth. You’d be surprised how many “rich” people out there actually have a negative net worth because of all the debt they’re swimming in. Just like God doesn’t look on the outside, net worth goes far deeper than appearances.

How To Create A Personal Balance Sheet

You can calculate your net worth by putting together a personal balance sheet. Balance sheet is an accounting term. It is a document that lists assets on one side and liabilities and net worth on the other. It’s called a balance sheet because the two have to be equal and balance out.

Assets

To start your own personal balance sheet, first list out your assets. Assets are things you own and can be divided into financial assets and personal assets. Financial assets include:

  • Cash
  • Bank accounts
  • Money market accounts
  • Certificates of deposit
  • Retirement accounts: IRAs, 401(k)s, 403(b)s, ESOP
  • Brokerage accounts
  • College savings accounts
  • Health Savings Account
  • Stocks
  • Bonds
  • Savings bonds
  • Life insurance cash value
  • Annuities


Personal (nonfinancial) assets include:

  • Primary residence
  • Second or vacation home
  • Rental real estate
  • Land
  • Business ownership
  • Vehicles
  • Jewelry, artwork, collectibles, tools, furniture, and other possessions

Liabilities

Next, you list your liabilities. These are your debts. They include:

  • Credit card balances
  • Balances on other lines of credit
  • Mortgages
  • Car loans
  • Furniture or appliance loans
  • Retirement account loans
  • Life insurance policy loans
  • Unpaid medical bills

Net Worth

Once you have all of your assets and liabilities listed, total each one. Subtract your liabilities from your assets and you end up with your net worth.

What Is A Normal Net Worth?

That heading was a trick question because, as you should know by now, there really isn’t a “normal” anything. It’s unwise for a 25-year-old just starting a career to compare their net worth with a 65-year-old about to retire after 40 years in the workforce. It’s also unwise for a pastor to compare their net worth with that of the doctor in their congregation. Remember, you didn’t get into this for the money.

However, I’m always curious about how I personally compare to averages. So, if you’re curious too, go ahead and keep reading. The Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finances found that the average net worth of all US families is $692,100. Now, before you start crying, remember that that includes all of Hollywood, Silicon Valley, and every NBA star.

If you look at the median, those in the 50th percentile, their net worth is a much more palatable $97,300. Still, that includes households of every age. Here is a breakdown by age:

Age 35 or younger: $11,100

Age 35-44: $59,800

Age 45-54: $124,200

Age 55-64: $187,300

Age 65-74: $224,100

Age 75 or older: $264,800

Even though I just gave you some numbers to compare yourself too, I’m going to tell you not to compare. Everyone has different goals and needs. If you have a special needs child, you will likely need to build a larger net worth in order to provide for them. If you opted out of Social Security, you will need to build a larger net worth to cover yourself once you retire. If your dad is a billionaire and you’ve seen his will, you might not need as much.

Every situation is different, so you should really only compare your net worth to your own personal financial goals. How are you doing with what God has called you to?

Net Worth Tools

If you want a quick and easy way to calculate your net worth, check out our calculator:

Net Worth Calculator

Or, if you want to personalize it and track your net worth over time, I made you a downloadable Excel spreadsheet. It already has some numbers in it so you can see how it works, but just replace them with your own information. Here you go:

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